10 diseases associated with obesity and overweight

Both overweight and obesity predispose the body to suffer from various conditions due to the significant metabolic and organic alteration they produce.

Those who are obese, those who have a body mass index of 30 or higher, have a much higher risk of dying compared to those whose index is within the following values: 20 and 25.

Associated diseases

1. Hypertension

As a consequence of obesity there is insulin resistance and hyperinsulinism believed to be responsible for causing increased reabsorption of sodium at the level of the kidney tubules and this secondarily leads to an increase in blood pressure.

When the obese begins to lose weight, it can be observed, a marked decrease in blood pressure values, even without a diet low in salt.

Several studies have shown that even with moderate weight loss, significant benefits are achieved in terms of lowering blood pressure and cardiovascular risk.

2. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Also known as adult or non-insulin dependent diabetes, it is a metabolic disease characterized by an increase in blood glucose.

The main cause of this phenomenon is the lack of response of the body's cells to insulin, so this type of diabetes is also known as contrainsular insulin resistant and is characteristic of obesity.

Clinical studies conducted in several countries have shown that patients who have a body mass index of 32 or higher are three times more likely to have this type of diabetes than those whose body mass index goes from 19 to 22 .

3. Stroke

Those who are overweight and / or obese are more likely to form atheromas in the coronary arteries, in the cerebral arteries or those that carry blood to the brain, the danger of these plaques is that they can detach and form an obstruction, thus preventing the correct Irrigation of part or all of the brain with the consequent injury that will occur in the neurons.

4. Hyperlipemia

The overweight and / or obesity patient is characterized by a large accumulation of fat in the form of triglycerides in adipose tissue , these triglycerides frequently pass into the blood, thus increasing their levels well above normal values, predisposing the patient to suffer from Atheroma plaques.

Obesity and increased levels of triglycerides and cholesterol are risk factors for cardiovascular disease.

5. Cardiovascular disease

Obesity leads to increased general blood volume, diastolic volume and cardiac output, all this over time, leading to hypertrophy and dilation of the left ventricle.

In addition to this, obese patients are more prone to congestive heart failure and sudden death.

6. Cholelithiasis and fatty liver

Obese people is quite common to present fatty liver and also is predisposed for it to suffer from gallstone bladder.

7. Osteoarthritis

Given the overweight, the joints of the knees, hips and spine are those that first resent, since all the excessive weight falls on them and as a consequence, these joints end in osteoarthritis or degenerative arthritis.

8. Sleep Apnea Syndrome

Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome is caused by a reversible blockage of the passage of air through the upper respiratory tract, which in the obese is due to the accumulation of fat around the pharynx and larynx.

9. Infertility and gestation

Obesity can cause infertility in women due to the accumulation of fat in the ovaries and uterus and the greater predisposition to the formation of uterine fibroids.

During gestation, obesity predisposes to eclampsia and high blood pressure and on the other hand, can trigger gestational diabetes.

10. Cancer

Overweight and obesity increase the risk of cancer in both men and women, in women with endometrial , breast , gallbladder and bile duct cancer and in men with colon and rectum cancer , and prostate cancer .